PEMBUATAN DAN KARAKTERISASI BIOPLASTIK DARI PATI UMBI GARUT-KARAGENAN DENGAN PENAMBAHAN PEMLASTIS EPOXIDIZED FATTY ACID METHYL ESTER (EFAME) DAN PENGIKAT SILANG CaCO3 DARI CANGKANG TELUR AYAM

SILVIANAQORI NURULAENI; TIARA MALVITA RAYA NURDIN; NOVA PRATIWI INDRIYANI; SONI SETIADJI

Authors

SILVIANAQORI NURULAENI UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, Indonesia
TIARA MALVITA RAYA NURDIN UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, Indonesia
NOVA PRATIWI INDRIYANI UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, Indonesia
SONI SETIADJI UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, Indonesia

Keywords:

bioplastik, pati umbi garut, karagenan, EFAME, CaCO₃, biodegradasi, sifat mekanik, SEM

Abstract

Plastik konvensional berbahan dasar minyak bumi sulit terurai secara alami dan berkontribusi besar terhadap pencemaran lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan alternatif material yang lebih ramah lingkungan dan dapat terdegradasi secara hayati. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuat dan mengkarakterisasi bioplastik berbasis pati umbi garut dan karagenan dengan penambahan expoxidized Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (EFAME) sebagai pemlastis dan kalsium karbonat (CaCO3) dari limbah cangkang telur sebagai agen pengikat silang. Variasi EFAME (0,25-1,25 mL) dan CaCO3 (0,1-0,5 g) digunakan untuk mengkaji pengaruhnya terhadap sifat fisik, mekanik, biodegradasi dan morfologi bioplastik. Proses pembuatan meliputi tahap gelatinisasi, pencampuran, pencetakan, dan pengeringan. Sedangkan karakterisasi meliputi uji swelling, kekuatan tarik, elongasi, modulus young, uji biodegradasi, serta analisis morfologi menggunakan Scanning Elctron Microscope (SEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi terbaik diperoleh pada 0,75 mL EFAME dan 0,3 g CaCO3 dengan nilai kuat tarik 9,728 MPa dan modulus young 185,3 MPa. Nilai elongasi dan swelling terbaik tercapai pada 0,1 g CaCO3 dan 0,25 mL EFAME dan Biodegradasi tertinggi terjadi pada kombinasi 1,25 mL EFAME dan 0,3 g CaCO3. Morfologi permukaan menunjukkan struktur berlapis (lamellar) dengan partikel CaCO3 yang belum merata. Kesimpulannya, bioplastik dari kombinasi pati umbi garut dan karagenan dengan penambahan EFAME dan CaCO3 memiliki potensi sebagai alternatif plastik ramah lingkungan yang biodegradable, meskipun masih memerlukan optimalisasi untuk mencapai standar nasional.

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Author Biographies

SILVIANAQORI NURULAENI, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Jurusan Kimia

TIARA MALVITA RAYA NURDIN, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Jurusan Kimia

NOVA PRATIWI INDRIYANI, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Jurusan Kimia

SONI SETIADJI, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Jurusan Kimia

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