PEMODELAN POLA KOLONISASI VEGETASI PADA EKOSISTEM EKSTREM KAWAH GUNUNG BERAPI RINJANI DAN TAMBORA

Main Article Content

Andriwibowo Andriwibowo

Abstract

Vegetation colonization can occur in various ecosystems. One of the extreme ecosystems for vegetation colonization is a volcanic crater. Given that the ecosystem is located at an altitude of thousands of meters, sometimes high temperatures, strong winds, and no soil layer that contains nutrients. Even so, in the vegetation ecosystem there are sediment deposits and sometimes a lake is formed. Sediment deposits on the surface of the crater will be a medium that supports vegetation colonization. Related to this, this study aims to model the colonization of vegetation around the crater formed at Rinjani (3726 m) and Tambora (2850 m) volcanoes. The crater of Mount Rinjani is known to have formed sedimentation on the surface of the crater covering an area of 3.983 km2. In the sediment the vegetation cover is estimated at 2.866 km2. New vegetation colonization appears to have formed on the edge of the crater surface on the south side. While the area of sediment deposits in the crater of Mount Tambora is 5.333 km2. In the sediment the vegetation cover is estimated at 2.188 km2. In the Tambora crater, new vegetation colonization was also seen around the crater surface. The vegetation colonization index in Rinjani is 0.719 and is greater than the index in Tambora with a value of 0.410. It can be concluded that the vegetation colonization on the surface of the crater is higher at Mount Rinjani.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Article Details

Section
Articles

References

Abe, T. (2006). Coloninization of Nishino-shima Island by plant and arthropods 31 years after eruption. Pacific Sciences. 60, 355–365.

Aoyama, Y., Kawakami, K., & Chiba, S. (2012). Seabirds as adhesiveseed dispersers of alien and native plants in the oceanic Ogasawara Islands, Japan, Biodiversity and Conservation, 21, 2787–2801.

Arnalds, O. (2013). The influence of volcanic tephra (ash) on ecosystems. Advances in Agronomy, 121, 332–380.

Bjarnason, Á. H. (1991). Vegetation on lava fields in the Hekla area, Iceland. Uppsala: Upulus Press AB.

Brunet, J. (2007). Plant colonization in heterogeneous landscapes: an 80-year perspective on restoration of broadleaved forest vegetation. Journal of Applied Ecology, 44, 563-572.

Cancela C., M., & Herrero, J., M. (2009). Effectivenss of a variedassemblage of seed dispersers of a fleshy-fruited plant. Ecology, 90, 3503–3515.

Cancela, C., M. (2011). Gulls (Laridae) as frugivores and seed dispersers.Plant Ecology, 212, 1149–1157.

Cutler, N. (2010). Long-term primary succession: a comparison of nonspatial and spatially explicit inferential techniques. Plant Ecology, 208, 123–136.

Cutler, N. A., Belyea, L. R., & Dugmore, A. J. (2008). Spatial patterns of microsite colonization on two young lava flows on Mount Hekla, Iceland. Journal of Vegetatiton Science, 19, 277–286,

Deligne, N., Cashman, K., & Roering, J.. (2013). After the lava flow: The importance of external soil sources for plant colonization of recent lava flows in the central Oregon Cascades, USA. Geomorphology, 202, 15-32.

Kalliola, R., Salo, J., Puhakka, M., & Rajasilta, M. (1991). New Site Formation and Colonizing Vegetation in Primary Succession on the Western Amazon Floodplains. Journal of Ecology, 79, 877-901.

Magnusson, B., Magnusson, S. H., & Friðriksson, S. (2009). Developments in plant colonization and succession on Surtsey during 1999–2008. Surtsey Research, 12, 57–76.

Magnusson, B., Magnusson, S. H., Ólafsson, E., & Sigurdsson, B. (2014). Plant colonization, succession and ecosystem development on Surtsey with reference to neighbouring islands. Biogeosciences, 11, 5521-5537.

Nogales, M., Medina, F. M., Quilis, V., & González - Rodríguez, M. (2001). Ecological and biogeographical implications of YellowLegged Gulls (Larus cachinnans Pallas) as seed dispersers of Rubia fructicosa Ait. (Rubiaceae) in the Canary Islands. Journal of BioGeogrraphy, 28, 1137–1145.

Raus, T. (1988). Vascular plant colonization and vegetation development on sea-born volcanic islands in the Aegean (Greece). Vegetatio, 77, 139–147.

Saidi, R., Nur’adqiah, N., Muzri, Y., Fawziah, L., Pahlawan, R., Sugandi, D., & Ridwana, R. (2020). Pemanfaatan Citra Landsat 8 untuk Identifikasi Sebaran Vegetasi di Kecamatan Pangandaran. J Pendidikan Geografi, 7, 1-13.

Shaffer, S.A., Cockerham, S.,Warzybok, P., Bradley, R.W., Jahncke, J., Clatterbuck, C.A., Lucia, M., Jelincic,J.A., Cassell, A.L., Kelsey, E.C., & Adams, J. (2017). Population-level plasticity in foraging behavior of western gulls (Larus occidentalis). Movement Ecology, 5, 2-13.

Son, D., Alday, J.G,, Chu, Y., Lee, E.J., Park, S.H., & Lee, H. (2020). Plant species colonization in newly created road habitats of South Korea: Insights for more effective restoration. Science of The Total Environment, 719, 1-9.

Wirawan, R., Abdullah, R., & Hamli, N. (2018). Pendugaan Potensi Airtanah Berdasarkan Interpretasi Citra Landsat Menggunakan Integrasi Pendekatan NDWI Dan NDVI (Studi Kasus Kabupaten Pamekasan Madura Jawa Timur). Jurnal Penduga Potensi Air Tanah, 1-9.

Yanti, D., Megantara, I., Akbar, M., Meiwanda, S., Izzul, S., Sugandi, D., & Ridwana, R. (2020). Analisis Kerapatan Vegetasi di Kecamatan Pangandaran melalui Citra Landsat 8. Jurnal Geografi, Edukasi dan Lingkungan, 4, 32-38.